Introducing Libre Into Globish

Copyright ©2012 Mohsen BANAN

Permission is granted to make and distribute complete (not partial)
verbatim copies of this document provided that the copyright notice
and this permission notice are preserved on all copies.

Contents

• 1  This Essay Is In Globish
• 2  Part of the Evolution of Globish Series
• 3  Gratis versus Libre
  • 3.1  Gratis
  • 3.2  Libre
  • 3.3  Free as in beer versus free as in speech

1  This Essay Is In Globish

This essay is in Globish. It is not in Anglo-American English.

See, “Introducing Globish into Globish”, [1] for a description of Globish. That document also includes references to use of certain specific words and concepts relevant to this essay.

The intended audience for this essay is all of humanity.

Some concepts developed in this essay stands separate from American and Western values. Some concepts developed in this essay reject American and Western values. Western readers of this essay need to pay extra attention, as many of their assumptions are not ours.

2  Part of the Evolution of Globish Series

This essay is part of a series of essays, where we introduce new words and concepts into Globish

See “Introducing Globish into Globish”, PLPC-120038, [1], for a list of other sister essays.

The context for our own use of these enhancements to Globish is a model inversion to the manner of existance of Internet Services called: The Libre-Halaal ByStar Digital Ecosystem, – http://www.by-star.net.

An overview of this global effort is provided in a document titled:

The Libre-Halaal ByStar Digital Ecosystem
A Unified and Non-Proprietary Model For Autonomous Internet Services
A Moral Alternative To The Proprietary American Digital Ecosystem
http://www.by-star.net/PLPC/180016 — [2]

In that document we present a complete picture for establishing a model and process that can redirect the manner of existence of software and Internet services towards safeguarding humanity. We also describe the framework that is already in place for collaboration and we invite you to participate in this work.

3  Gratis versus Libre

Gratis versus Libre is the distinction between zero price and freedom. Gratis has been adopted as a (relatively uncommon) English word. However, libre has not, and there is no English adjective signifying only freedom. This distinction is of utmost importance in dealing with information as property.

3.1  Gratis

Gratis is an adjective in Latin and various Romance and Germanic languages meaning "free," in the sense that one does not have to pay for some good or service (free of charge).

3.2  Libre

Libre is a word in various Romance languages, e.g. Spanish and French (descended from the Latin word Liber) that denotes the state of being free, as in "having freedom". GNU programmers often talk about free as in free speech (libre) and free as in free beer (gratis), as the word free in English does not distinguish between these meanings. Free software (with a capital F) usually means the former.

3.3  Free as in beer versus free as in speech

In hacker slang, gratis is typically referred to as free as in beer while libre is referred to as free as in speech. The Jargon File is a glossary of hacker slang. ...

Free as in beer refers to things which are available at no monetary cost (like free beer at a party). While one is permitted to use the object (e.g., drink the beer) without payment, one does not necessarily receive any rights (e.g. take the beer home) or ownership. It can be contrasted with the expressions free as in speech, free as in freedom, or free as in rights, which refer to something which is free of restrictions, as in the freedom of speech. One is permitted to use the object, reproduce it, repurpose it, and generally do what one will with it; usually the only restrictions applied are that credit be given to any entity that contributed to any resulting object and that such object be free as in speech as well. An example of a license with such grants and conditions is the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license.

Since the advent of the free software movement, these terms have entered frequent use for categorising computer programs according to the licenses and legal fetters that cover them, and both this expression and the term gratis are used to distinguish freeware (gratis software) from free software.

References

[1]

" Mohsen BANAN ". " introducing globish into globish ". Permanent Libre Published Content "120038", Autonomously Self-Published, "August" 2013. http://mohsen.banan.1.byname.net/PLPC/120038.

[2]

" Mohsen BANAN ". " the libre-halaal bystar digital ecosystem a unified and non-proprietary model for autonomous internet services a moral alterantive to the proprietary american digital ecosystem ". Permanent Libre Published Content "180016", Autonomously Self-Published, "June" 2013. http://www.by-star.net/PLPC/180016.